Estimating the flammable mass of a vapor cloud /
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| Hlavní autor: | |
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| Korporativní autor: | |
| Médium: | Kniha |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydáno: |
New York, N.Y. :
Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers,
c1998.
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| Edice: | CCPS concept book
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| Témata: | |
| On-line přístup: | Publisher description Table of contents only |
| LEADER | 07279cam a2200529 a 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | c000405564 | ||
| 003 | CARM | ||
| 005 | 20200731134804.0 | ||
| 008 | 200731s1998 nyua b 001 0 eng d | ||
| 010 | |a 99026844 | ||
| 019 | 1 | |a 14629221 |5 LACONCORD2021 | |
| 020 | |a 9780816907786 (hbk.) | ||
| 020 | |a 0816907781 (hbk.) | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)41070973 |5 LACONCORD2021 | ||
| 040 | |a DLC |b eng |c DLC |d DLC | ||
| 050 | 0 | 0 | |a QD516 |b .W66 1998 |
| 082 | 0 | 0 | |a 660/.2804 |2 21 |
| 100 | 1 | |a Woodward, John Lowell. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Estimating the flammable mass of a vapor cloud / |c John L. Woodward. |
| 260 | |a New York, N.Y. : |b Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, |c c1998. | ||
| 300 | |a xxxi, 289 p. : |b ill. ; |c 24 cm. | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a A CCPS concept book | |
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 267-284) and index. | ||
| 505 | 0 | 0 | |a Machine derived contents note: Preface. -- Acknowledgments. -- Glossary. -- Nomenclature. -- 1. Introduction. -- 1.1 Why Calculate Flammable Mass? -- 1.2 How Are Flammable Mass Estimates Used? -- 1.3 Other CCPS Publications. -- 2. Overview. -- 2.1 Context. -- 2.2 Objectives. -- 2.3 How to Use Thus Book. -- 3. Industry Experiences with Flammable Vapor Clouds. -- 3.1 Property Losses from Vapor Cloud Accidents. -- 3.2 Examples of Vapor Clouds Events. -- 3.2.1 Bangkok, Thailand, LPG Vapor Cloud. -- 3.2.2 Saint Herblain, France, Gasoline Cloud, October 7, 1991. -- 3.2.3 Pampa, Texas, Hoechst-Celanese Explosion, November 17, 1987. -- 3.2.4 Monsanto Ethanol Explosion, Autumn, 1970. -- 3.2.5 Mexico City Vapor Cloud and Explosion, November 19, 1984. -- 3.2.6 Pasadena, Texas Fire and Explosion, October 23, 1989. -- 3.3 Examples with Postaccident Determination of Flammable Mass. -- 3.3.1 Fixborough Vapor Cloud Explosion, June 1, 1974. -- |
| 505 | 0 | 0 | |a 3.3.2 Piper Alpha North Sea Platform Fire, July 6, 1988. -- 3.3.3 DSM Naphtha Cracker, Beek, the Netherlands, 7 November 1975. -- 4. Basic Concept?Fluid Flow, Fires, and Explosions. -- 4.1 Discharge Characteristics. -- 4.1.1 Single-Phase Discharge Rates from Tanks. -- 4.1.2 Single-Phase Discharge Rates from Pipes. -- 4.1.3 Two-Phase Discharge Rates from Tanks. -- 4.1.4 Two-Phase Discharge Rates from Pipes. -- 4.1.5 Aerosol Formation and Drop Size Correlations. -- 4.1.6 Rainout. -- 4.1.7 Pool Spread and Evaporation on Land. -- 4.2 Dispersion Factors. -- 4.2.1 Jet Mixing. -- 4.2.2 Meteorology. -- 4.2.3 Surface Roughness and Terrain. -- 4.2.4 Averaging Time. -- 4.2.5 Impingement and Catering. -- 4.2.6 Obstacle Effects. -- 4.3 Sources of Ignition. -- 4.4 Flame Characteristics. -- 4.4.1 Flammable Limits. -- 4.4.2 Flammable Limits with Inerts. -- 4.4.3 Autoignition Temperature for Gases. -- 4.4.4 Minimum Ignition Energy for Gases. -- 4.4.5 Flash Point. -- |
| 505 | 0 | 0 | |a 4.4.6 Laminar Burning Velocity and Turbulent Flame Speed. -- 4.5 Aerosol Flammability. -- 4.6 Turbulence Effects. -- 4.6.1 Turbulence Effects of Jet Plume Ignition. -- 4.6.2 Turbulence and Pockets of Flammable Material. -- 4.7 Flash Fires. -- 4.8 Explosions. -- 4.8.1 Confinement and Congestion. -- 4.8.2 Effects of Concentration on Explosion Overpressure. -- 4.8.3 TNT Equivalence Explosion Models. -- 4.8.4 Volume Source Explosion Models. -- 4.8.5 Determining Fuel Reactivity. -- 4.8.6 Determining Degree of Confinement. -- 4.8.7 Determining Level of Congestion. -- 4.8.8 Multiple Congested Volumes. -- 4.9 Minimum Flammable Mass for Vapor Cloud Explosions. -- 4.10 Probability of Vapor Cloud Ignition and Explosion. -- 5. Determination of Flammable Mass. -- 5.1 Estimation Methods by Degree of Confinement. -- 5.2 Methods for Finding the Flammable Mass in Unconfined Vapor Clouds. -- 5.2.1 Screening Rules of Thumb. -- 5.2.2 Calculating Flammable Mass with Dispersion Models. -- |
| 505 | 0 | 0 | |a 5.3 Methods for Finding the Flammable Mass in Partially Confined Vapor Clouds. -- 5.3.1 Estimating Flammable Mass for Potential Explosion Sites. -- 5.4 Methods for Finding the Flammable Mass in Confined Vapor Clouds. -- 5.4.1 Flammable Mass in Well-Mixed Room from Spill Outdoors. -- 5.4.2 Flammable Mass from Indoor Release in Well-Mixed Room with Low Ventilation. -- 6. Overview of Related Computer Programs. -- 7. Worked Examples. -- 7.1 Example 10, Unconfined Vapor Cloud?Vapor and Liquid Propane Releases. -- 7.2 Example 11, Unconfined Vapor Cloud?Effect of Wind Speed. -- 7.3 Example 12, Partially Confined Vapor Cloud Explosion?Vinyl Chloride Monomer Release. -- 7.4 Example 13, Partially Confined Vapor Cloud Explosion?Total Petroleum LaMede Refinery Explosion, November 1992. -- 7.5 Example 14, Partially Confined Vapor Cloud?Multiple Congested Areas. -- 7.6 Example 15, Confined Vapor Clouds. -- 8. Recommendations for Future Work. -- |
| 505 | 0 | 0 | |a 8.1 Calculating Flammable Mass Profiles Along a Vapor Cloud. -- 8.2 Resolving the Minimum Explosive Mass Issue. -- 8.3 Contribution of Aerosols to Explosive Mass. -- 8.4 Dispersion Modeling Around Plant Structure. -- 8.5 Improved Modeling of Jets Impacting Surfaces. -- 8.6 Models That Account for Turbulence Spectra. -- 8.7 Reconciling Indoor and Outdoor Explosion Models. -- 8.8 Calculate Net Efficiencies for TNT Equivalent Models from Historical Events. -- Appendix A. Atmosphere Stability Classification Schemes. -- Appendix B. Vertical Wind Profiles. -- Appendix C. Flammability Properties. -- Appendix D. Correlation for Flash Point. -- Appendix E. Polydisperse Drop Size Distributions. -- Appendix F. Multicomponent Pool Evaporation for Spills on Land. -- Appendix G. Generalized Indoor Concentration Build-Up or Decay. -- Appendix H. Calculating Concentration for Indoor Releases. -- Appendix I. Evaluating Flammable Mass for Gaussian Dispersion Models: Instantaneous, Point Source. -- |
| 505 | 0 | 0 | |a Appendix J. Evaluating Flammable Mass for Gaussian Dispersion Models: Continous Release, Approximate Method. -- Appendix K. Evaluating Flammable Mass for Gaussian Dispersion Model?Continuous Release, Rigorous Solution. -- Appendix L. Numerical Integration to Find Flammable Mass. -- Appendix M. Expansion Velocity and Discharge Coefficients. -- Appendix N. Conversion Factors. -- References. -- Index. |
| 506 | |a Electronic resource (access conditions) | ||
| 530 | |a Also available online via the World Wide Web, by subscription to Knovel. | ||
| 650 | 0 | |a Vapors |x Flammability |x Mathematical models. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Explosions |x Mathematical models. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Fire |x Mathematical models. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Chemical plants |x Safety measures. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Inflammable gases. | |
| 655 | 7 | |a Electronic books. |2 lcsh | |
| 710 | 2 | |a Knovel (Firm) | |
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| 852 | 8 | |b SCAN |h A3:AH15G0 |i C13824 |p 0656309 |f BK | |
| 830 | 0 | |a CCPS concept book | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |3 Publisher description |u http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0607/99026844-d.html |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Table of contents only |u http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0607/99026844-t.html |
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